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To Be Born Again in Greek

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This article is about the Christian term. For other uses, see Born Again.

Evangelical Christian term

Born over again, or to experience the new nascency, is a phrase, particularly in evangelicalism, that refers to a "spiritual rebirth", or a regeneration of the human spirit. In dissimilarity to i's physical birth, beingness "born again" is distinctly and separately caused by baptism in the Holy Spirit, it is non caused by baptism in water. It is a cadre doctrine of the denominations of the Methodist, Quaker, Baptist, and Pentecostal Churches forth with all other evangelical Christian denominations. All of these Churches strongly believe Jesus' words in the Gospels: "You must be built-in once again earlier yous can see, or enter, the Kingdom of Sky." Their doctrines also mandate that to be both "born again" and "saved", one must take a personal and intimate human relationship with Jesus Christ.[1] [2] [iii] [four] [5] [6]

In contemporary Christian usage and apart from evangelicalism, the term is distinct from similar terms which are sometimes used in Christianity in reference to a person who is being or becoming a Christian. This usage of the term is usually linked to baptism with water and the related doctrine of baptismal regeneration. Individuals who profess to be "born once again" (meaning in the "Holy Spirit") often state that they have a "personal relationship with Jesus Christ".[vii] [5] [half-dozen]

In addition to using this phrase with those who do not profess to be Christians, some Evangelical Christians use the phrase and evangelize those who belong to other Christian denominations or groups. This practice is based on the conventionalities that non-Evangelical Christians, fifty-fifty those Christians who are professed Christians, are not "built-in again" and do non have a "personal human relationship with Jesus." They therefore believe that they should evangelize to non-Evangelical Christians in the same mode that they would evangelize to people who do not profess the Christian faith.

The phrase "born again" is also used equally an adjective to describe individual members of the movement who espouse this belief, and it is also used equally an adjective to describe the movement itself ("born-again Christian" and the "born-again movement").

Origin [edit]

Jesus and Nicodemus painting past Alexander Bida, 1874

The term is derived from an result in the Gospel of John in which the words of Jesus were not understood by a Jewish pharisee, Nicodemus.

Jesus replied, "Very truly I tell you, no 1 can see the kingdom of God unless they are built-in again." "How tin can someone be born when they are old?" Nicodemus asked. "Surely they cannot enter a second time into their mother's womb to exist born!" Jesus answered, "Very truly I tell y'all, no ane tin enter the kingdom of God unless they are born of water and the Spirit."

—Gospel of John, John chapter three, verses 3–5, NIV[8]

The Gospel of John was written in Koine Greek, and the original text is ambiguous which results in a double entendre that Nicodemus misunderstands. The discussion translated equally again is ἄνωθεν (ánōtʰen), which could hateful either "again", or "from higher up".[9] The double entendre is a effigy of speech that the gospel author uses to create bewilderment or misunderstanding in the hearer; the misunderstanding is and then clarified by either Jesus or the narrator. Nicodemus takes just the literal meaning from Jesus'due south argument, while Jesus clarifies that he means more than of a spiritual rebirth from above. English translations have to pick 1 sense of the phrase or another; the NIV, King James Version, and Revised Version use "built-in once more", while the New Revised Standard Version[ten] and the New English Translation[eleven] prefer the "born from above" translation.[12] Most versions will note the alternative sense of the phrase anōthen in a footnote.

Edwyn Hoskyns argues that "born from above" is to be preferred equally the central meaning and he drew attention to phrases such as "birth of the Spirit",[13] "nativity from God",[xiv] just maintains that this necessarily carries with it an accent upon the newness of the life as given by God himself.[xv]

The final use of the phrase occurs in the First Epistle of Peter, rendered in the King James Version as:

Seeing ye have purified your souls in obeying the truth through the Spirit unto unfeigned dearest of the brethren, [see that ye] love one another with a pure heart fervently: / Being born again, non of corruptible seed, but of incorruptible, by the word of God, which liveth and abideth for e'er.

—ane Peter 1:22-23[sixteen]

Here, the Greek give-and-take translated equally "built-in over again" is ἀναγεγεννημένοι ( anagegennēménoi ).[17]

Interpretations [edit]

The traditional Jewish agreement of the promise of salvation is interpreted equally being rooted in "the seed of Abraham"; that is, concrete lineage from Abraham. Jesus explained to Nicodemus that this doctrine was in error—that every person must have ii births—natural birth of the physical body and some other of the h2o and the spirit.[18] This discourse with Nicodemus established the Christian conventionalities that all man beings—whether Jew or Gentile—must exist "born again" of the spiritual seed of Christ. The Apostle Peter farther reinforced this agreement in 1 Peter 1:23.[19] [17] The Catholic Encyclopedia states that "[a] controversy existed in the primitive church over the interpretation of the expression the seed of Abraham. It is [the Apostle Paul's] teaching in i example that all who are Christ's by faith are Abraham'due south seed, and heirs according to hope. He is concerned, still, with the fact that the promise is not being fulfilled to the seed of Abraham (referring to the Jews)."[20]

Charles Hodge writes that "The subjective change wrought in the soul by the grace of God, is variously designated in Scripture" with terms such every bit new birth, resurrection, new life, new creation, renewing of the heed, dying to sin and living to righteousness, and translation from darkness to light.[21]

Jesus used the "nascency" illustration in tracing spiritual newness of life to a divine commencement. Contemporary Christian theologians have provided explanations for "born from above" being a more than accurate translation of the original Greek word transliterated anōthen. [22] Theologian Frank Stagg cites ii reasons why the newer translation is meaning:

  1. The emphasis "from above" (implying "from Heaven") calls attention to the source of the "newness of life". Stagg writes that the give-and-take "over again" does not include the source of the new kind of beginning;
  2. More than than personal improvement is needed. "a new destiny requires a new origin, and the new origin must be from God."[23]

An early example of the term in its more modern use appears in the sermons of John Wesley. In the sermon entitled A New Birth he writes, "none tin can be holy unless he be born again", and "except he exist born again, none can be happy even in this earth. For ... a man should non be happy who is not holy." Also, "I say, [a man] may be born once more and so become an heir of salvation." Wesley likewise states infants who are baptized are built-in again, but for adults it is different:

our church supposes, that all who are baptized in their infancy, are at the same fourth dimension built-in again. ... Just ... it is sure all of riper years, who are baptized, are not at the same time born over again.[24]

A Unitarian work called The Gospel Anchor noted in the 1830s that the phrase was not mentioned by the other Evangelists, nor by the Apostles except Peter. "It was not regarded by any of the Evangelists simply John of sufficient importance to tape." It adds that without John, "we should hardly accept known that it was necessary for one to be born once more." This suggests that "the text and context was meant to apply to Nicodemus specially, and not to the world."[25]

Historicity [edit]

Scholars of historical Jesus, that is, attempting to ascertain how closely the stories of Jesus friction match the historical events they are based on, generally care for Jesus's conversation with Nicodemus in John 3 with skepticism. It details what is presumably a private chat between Jesus and Nicodemus, with none of the disciples seemingly attending, making information technology unclear how a record of this conversation was acquired. In addition, the conversation is recorded in no other ancient Christian source other than John and works based on John.[26] Co-ordinate to Bart Ehrman, the larger result is that the same problem English translations of the Bible have with the Greek ἄνωθεν (anōthen) is a problem in the Aramaic linguistic communication as well: in that location is no single discussion in Aramaic that ways both "again" and "from above", yet the chat rests on Nicodemus making this misunderstanding.[27] Equally the chat was between two Jews in Jerusalem, where Aramaic was the native language, there is no reason to think that they'd take spoken in Greek.[26] This implies that even if based on a real conversation, the author of John heavily modified information technology to include Greek wordplay and idiom.[26]

Denominational positions [edit]

The Oxford Handbook of Religion and American Politics notes: "The GSS ... has asked a born-again question on three occasions ... 'Would you say you lot take been 'born over again' or take had a 'born-again' feel?" The Handbook says that "Evangelical, black, and Latino Protestants tend to answer similarly, with about ii-thirds of each group answering in the affirmative. In dissimilarity, just about one third of mainline Protestants and one 6th of Catholics (Anglo and Latino) claim a born-again experience." Nevertheless, the handbook suggests that "built-in-again questions are poor measures even for capturing evangelical respondents. ... information technology is probable that people who report a built-in-once more experience besides claim it as an identity."[28]

Catholicism [edit]

Historically, the classic text from John 3 was consistently interpreted by the early on church fathers every bit a reference to baptism.[29] Mod Cosmic interpreters accept noted that the phrase 'born from above' or 'born again'[30] is antiseptic as 'being built-in of water and Spirit'.[31]

Catholic commentator John F. McHugh notes, "Rebirth, and the commencement of this new life, are said to come almost ἐξ ὕδατος καὶ πνεύματος, of water and spirit. This phrase (without the article) refers to a rebirth which the early on Church regarded as taking place through baptism."[32]

The Catechism of the Cosmic Church (CCC) notes that the essential elements of Christian initiation are: "annunciation of the Word, acceptance of the Gospel entailing conversion, profession of faith, Baptism itself, and the outpouring of the Holy Spirit, and admission to Eucharistic communion."[33] Baptism gives the person the grace of forgiveness for all prior sins; information technology makes the newly baptized person a new creature and an adopted son of God;[34] it incorporates them into the Body of Christ[35] and creates a sacramental bond of unity leaving an indelible mark on our souls.[36] "Incorporated into Christ by Baptism, the person baptized is configured to Christ. Baptism seals the Christian with the enduring spiritual mark (character) of his belonging to Christ. No sin can erase this mark, fifty-fifty if sin prevents Baptism from begetting the fruits of conservancy. Given once for all, Baptism cannot be repeated."[37] The Holy Spirit is involved with each aspect of the move of grace. "The offset work of the grace of the Holy Spirit is conversion. ... Moved by grace, man turns toward God and away from sin, thus accepting forgiveness and righteousness from on loftier."[38]

The Cosmic Church also teaches that nether special circumstances the need for water baptism can exist superseded by the Holy Spirit in a 'baptism of want', such as when catechumens dice or are martyred prior to receiving baptism.[39]

Pope John Paul II wrote in Catechesi Tradendae about "the problem of children baptized in infancy [who] come up for catechesis in the parish without receiving any other initiation into the faith and withal without any explicit personal attachment to Jesus Christ.".[forty] He noted that "being a Christian ways saying 'yes' to Jesus Christ, but permit usa think that this 'yes' has ii levels: It consists of surrendering to the give-and-take of God and relying on it, just it also means, at a later stage, endeavoring to know meliorate—and better the profound pregnant of this word."[41]

The modernistic expression existence "born once again" is actually about the concept of "conversion".

The National Directory of Catechesis (published by the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, USCCB) defines conversion equally, "the credence of a personal relationship with Christ, a sincere adherence to him, and a willingness to conform one's life to his."[42] To put information technology more simply "Conversion to Christ involves making a genuine delivery to him and a personal decision to follow him every bit his disciple."[42]

Echoing the writings of Pope John Paul Ii, the National Directory of Catechesis describes a new intervention required past our mod earth called the "New Evangelization". The New Evangelization is directed to the Church herself, to the baptized who were never finer evangelized before, to those who have never made a personal delivery to Christ and the Gospel, to those formed by the values of the secular civilization, to those who take lost a sense of religion, and to those who are alienated.[43]

Declan O'Sullivan, co-founder of the Catholic Men's Fellowship and knight of the Sovereign Armed forces Guild of Malta, wrote that the "New Evangelization emphasizes the personal see with Jesus Christ as a pre-condition for spreading the gospel. The born-again experience is not just an emotional, mystical high; the actually important affair is what happened in the convert'southward life after the moment or period of radical change."[44]

Lutheranism [edit]

The Lutheran Church holds that "we are cleansed of our sins and born again and renewed in Holy Baptism past the Holy Ghost. Merely she besides teaches that whoever is baptized must, through daily contrition and repentance, drown The Old Adam and then that daily a new homo come forth and arise who walks before God in righteousness and purity forever. She teaches that whoever lives in sins after his baptism has once more lost the grace of baptism."[45]

Moravianism [edit]

With regard to the New Nascency, the Moravian Church holds that a personal conversion to Christianity is a joyful experience, in which the individual "accepts Christ as Lord" after which organized religion "daily grows inside the person."[46] For Moravians, "Christ lived as a human being considering he wanted to provide a blueprint for future generations" and "a converted person could endeavor to alive in his paradigm and daily become more like Jesus."[46] As such, "middle religion" characterizes Moravian Christianity.[46] The Moravian Church has historically emphasized evangelism, especially missionary work, to spread the faith.[47]

Anglicanism [edit]

The phrase born again is mentioned in the 39 Articles of the Anglican Church in commodity XV, entitled "Of Christ alone without Sin". In office, it reads: "sin, as S. John saith, was not in Him. Merely all we the residuum, although baptized and born once again in Christ, nevertheless offend in many things: and if we say nosotros have no sin, we deceive ourselves, and the truth is not in usa."[48]

Although the phrase "baptized and born again in Christ" occurs in Article XV, the reference is clearly to the scripture passage in John three:3.[49]

Reformed [edit]

In Reformed theology, Holy Baptism is the sign and the seal of 1's regeneration, which is of comfort to the believer.[fifty] The fourth dimension of one's regeneration, however, is a mystery to oneself according to the Canons of Dort.[50]

According to the Reformed churches being built-in again refers to "the inwards working of the Spirit which induces the sinner to answer to the effectual call". According to the Westminster Shorter Canon, Q 88, "the outward and ordinary ways whereby Christ communicateth to us the benefits of redemption are, his ordinances, specially the word, sacraments, and prayer; all of which are made effectual to the elect for conservancy."[51] Effectual calling is "the work of God's Spirit, whereby, convincing us of our sin and misery, enlightening our minds in the knowledge of Christ, and renewing our wills, he doth persuade and enable u.s. to comprehend Jesus Christ, freely offered to us in the gospel."[52] [53]

In Reformed theology, "regeneration precedes religion."[54] Samuel Storms writes that, "Calvinists insist that the sole cause of regeneration or being born again is the volition of God. God outset sovereignly and efficaciously regenerates, and simply in consequence of that do we act. Therefore, the individual is passive in regeneration, neither preparing himself nor making himself receptive to what God will do. Regeneration is a alter wrought in us by God, not an autonomous deed performed by u.s.a. for ourselves."[55]

Quakerism [edit]

The Central Yearly Meeting of Friends, a Holiness Quaker denomination, teaches that regeneration is the "divine work of initial salvation (Tit. 3:v), or conversion, which involves the accompanying works of justification (Rom. 5:eighteen) and adoption (Rom. 8:xv, 16)."[3] In regeneration, which occurs in the New Birth], at that place is a "transformation in the heart of the laic wherein he finds himself a new creation in Christ (Two Cor. 5:17; Col. one:27)."[3]

Following the New Birth, George Trick taught the possibility of "holiness of heart and life through the instantaneous baptism with the Holy Spirit subsequent to the new nascence" (cf. Christian perfection).[56]

Methodism [edit]

In Methodism, the "new birth is necessary for salvation considering it marks the move toward holiness. That comes with faith."[1] John Wesley, held that the New Nascency "is that great change which God works in the soul when he brings information technology into life, when he raises it from the decease of sin to the life of righteousness."[58] [1] In the life of a Christian, the new nativity is considered the kickoff piece of work of grace.[59] In keeping with Wesleyan-Arminian covenant theology, the Articles of Religion, in Article XVII—Of Baptism, state that baptism is a "sign of regeneration or the new birth."[60] The Methodist Visitor in describing this doctrine, admonishes individuals: "'Ye must be born once more.' Yield to God that He may perform this work in and for you. Admit Him to your heart. 'Believe on the Lord Jesus Christ, and m shalt be saved.'"[61] [62] Methodist theology teaches that the New Birth contains two phases that occur together, justification and regeneration:[63]

Though these two phases of the new nativity occur simultaneously, they are, in fact, two separate and distinct acts. Justification is that gracious and judicial act of God whereby a soul is granted consummate absolution from all guilt and a full release from the penalty of sin (Romans iii:23-25). This act of divine grace is wrought by organized religion in the claim of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ (Romans 5:i). Regeneration is the impartation of divine life which is manifested in that radical alter in the moral character of human being, from the love and life of sin to the love of God and the life of righteousness (2 Corinthians 5:17; i Peter 1:23). ―Principles of Religion, Emmanuel Association of Churches[63]

Baptists [edit]

Baptists teach that a "person is born once more when he/she repents of his/her sins and asks Jesus to forgive him/her and trust Jesus to serve him/her."[64] Those who have been born again, according to Baptist teaching, know that they are "a child of God because the Holy Spirit witnesses to them that they are" (cf. assurance).[64]

Pentecostalism [edit]

Pentecost by Julius Schnorr von Carolsfeld. Woodcut for "Dice Bibel in Bildern", 1860.

Holiness Pentecostals historically teach the new birth (first work of grace), unabridged sanctification (second piece of work of grace) and baptism with the Holy Spirit, as evidenced past glossolalia, every bit the third work of grace.[65] [66] The New Birth, according to Pentecostal teaching, imparts "spiritual life".[four]

Jehovah's Witnesses [edit]

Jehovah's Witnesses believe that individuals practise not take the ability to choose to be born again, but that God calls and selects his followers "from higher up".[67] But those belonging to the "144,000" are considered to be built-in again.[68] [69]

The Church building of Jesus Christ of Latter-mean solar day Saints [edit]

The Book of Mormon emphasizes the demand for everyone to be reborn of God.[70]

Disagreements between denominations [edit]

The term "born once more" is used by several Christian denominations, but at that place are disagreements on what the term means, and whether members of other denominations are justified in claiming to be built-in-again Christians.

Catholic Answers says:

Catholics should enquire [Evangelical] Protestants, "Are you born again—the way the Bible understands that concept?" If the Evangelical has non been properly water baptized, he has not been built-in again "the Bible way," regardless of what he may retrieve.[71]

On the other hand, an Evangelical site argues:

Another of many examples is the Catholic who claims he also is "born over again." ... Yet, what the committed Catholic means is that he received his spiritual birth when he was baptized—either as an infant or when as an adult he converted to Catholicism. That's non what Jesus meant when He told Nicodemus he "must be born again."[72] The deliberate adoption of biblical terms which have unlike meanings for Catholics has get an effective tool in Rome'south ecumenical agenda.[73]

The Reformed view of regeneration may be set autonomously from other outlooks in at least 2 ways.

First, classical Roman Catholicism teaches that regeneration occurs at baptism, a view known every bit baptismal regeneration. Reformed theology has insisted that regeneration may have place at whatsoever time in a person's life, even in the womb. It is not somehow the automatic result of baptism. Second, information technology is common for many other evangelical branches of the church to speak of repentance and faith leading to regeneration (i.e., people are built-in again only later they practise saving faith). By dissimilarity, Reformed theology teaches that original sin and total depravity deprive all people of the moral ability and will to practice saving faith. ... Regeneration is entirely the work of God the Holy Spirit - we can do nothing on our own to obtain it. God alone raises the elect from spiritual death to new life in Christ.[74] [75]

History and usage [edit]

Historically, Christianity has used various metaphors to describe its rite of initiation, that is, spiritual regeneration via the sacrament of baptism by the power of the water and the spirit. This remains the common understanding in most of Christendom, held, for case, in Roman Catholicism, Eastern Orthodoxy, Oriental Orthodoxy, Lutheranism,[45] Anglicanism,[76] and in other historic branches of Protestantism. Still, quondam after the Reformation, Evangelicalism attributed greater significance to the expression born over again [77] as an experience of religious conversion,[78] symbolized by deep-h2o baptism, and rooted in a commitment to one's own personal faith in Jesus Christ for salvation. This same conventionalities is, historically, also an integral part of Methodist doctrine,[79] [eighty] and is connected with the doctrine of Justification.[81]

According to Encyclopædia Britannica:

'Rebirth' has frequently been identified with a definite, temporally datable form of 'conversion'. ... With the voluntaristic type, rebirth is expressed in a new alignment of the will, in the liberation of new capabilities and powers that were hitherto undeveloped in the person concerned. With the intellectual type, information technology leads to an activation of the capabilities for agreement, to the breakthrough of a "vision". With others it leads to the discovery of an unexpected beauty in the order of nature or to the discovery of the mysterious pregnant of history. With still others information technology leads to a new vision of the moral life and its orders, to a selfless realization of love of neighbour. ... each person affected perceives his life in Christ at whatsoever given time as "newness of life."[82]

According to J. Gordon Melton:

Built-in once more is a phrase used by many Protestants to describe the phenomenon of gaining religion in Jesus Christ. It is an experience when everything they have been taught every bit Christians becomes real, and they develop a direct and personal relationship with God.[83]

Co-ordinate to Andrew Purves and Charles Partee:

Sometimes the phrase seems to exist judgmental, making a stardom between genuine and nominal Christians. Sometimes ... descriptive, like the distinction between liberal and conservative Christians. Occasionally, the phrase seems celebrated, like the sectionalisation between Catholic and Protestant Christians. ... [the term] normally includes the notion of human option in salvation and excludes a view of divine ballot past grace lone.[84]

The term born over again has become widely associated with the evangelical Christian renewal since the late 1960s, first in the United States and and then around the earth. Associated perhaps initially with Jesus People and the Christian counterculture, born over again came to refer to a conversion experience, accepting Jesus Christ as lord and savior in order to be saved from hell and given eternal life with God in heaven, and was increasingly used as a term to identify devout believers.[12] Past the mid-1970s, born again Christians were increasingly referred to in the mainstream media as part of the built-in again movement.

In 1976, Watergate conspirator Chuck Colson's book Born Once again gained international notice. Time magazine named him "One of the 25 well-nigh influential Evangelicals in America."[85] The term was sufficiently prevalent so that during the year's presidential entrada, Democratic party nominee Jimmy Carter described himself equally "built-in once more" in the showtime Playboy magazine interview of an American presidential candidate.

Colson describes his path to faith in conjunction with his criminal imprisonment and played a significant function in solidifying the "born again" identity as a cultural construct in the Usa. He writes that his spiritual experience followed considerable struggle and hesitancy to have a "personal encounter with God." He recalls:

while I saturday alone staring at the sea I love, words I had not been certain I could understand or say cruel from my lips: "Lord Jesus, I believe in Yous. I accept You. Delight come into my life. I commit it to Y'all." With these few words...came a sureness of heed that matched the depth of feeling in my heart. There came something more than: strength and tranquillity, a wonderful new assurance most life, a fresh perception of myself in the world effectually me.[86]

Jimmy Carter was the get-go President of the United States to publicly declare that he was born-again, in 1976.[87] Past the 1980 entrada, all iii major candidates stated that they had been born once again.[88]

Sider and Knippers[89] state that "Ronald Reagan'south election that autumn [was] aided by the votes of 61% of 'born-once again' white Protestants."

The Gallup Organization reported that "In 2003, 42% of U.Due south. adults said they were born-again or evangelical; the 2004 percentage is 41%" and that, "Black Americans are far more likely to identify themselves equally born-again or evangelical, with 63% of blacks saying they are born-again, compared with 39% of white Americans. Republicans are far more likely to say they are born-once again (52%) than Democrats (36%) or independents (32%)."[90]

The Oxford Handbook of Organized religion and American Politics, referring to several studies, reports "that 'born-again' identification is associated with lower back up for government anti-poverty programs." It also notes that "self-reported built-in-again" Christianity, "strongly shapes attitudes towards economic policy."[91]

Names which have been inspired by the term [edit]

The idea of "rebirth in Christ" has inspired[92] some common European forenames: French René/Renée, Dutch Renaat/Renate, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese and Croatian Renato/Renata, Latin Renatus/Renata, all of which mean "reborn", "born again".[93]

Come across also [edit]

  • Altar phone call – Tradition in some Christian churches
  • Baptismal regeneration – Doctrines held by major Christian denomination
  • Born-once again virgin – Person who commits to forbearance after having had sexual intercourse
  • Child dedication – Deed of consecration of children
  • Jesus movement – Former evangelical Christian motility
  • Dvija – Twice-born condition of Hindu male after Upanayana
  • Evangelism – Preaching the Gospel of Jesus Christ
  • Monergism – View within Christian theology
  • Sinner's prayer – Evangelical Christian term referring to whatsoever prayer of repentance

References [edit]

  1. ^ a b c Joyner, F. Belton (2007). United Methodist Questions, United Methodist Answers: Exploring Christian Faith. Westminster John Knox Press. p. 39. ISBN9780664230395 . Retrieved x April 2014. The new nascence is necessary for salvation considering it marks the movement toward holiness. That comes with faith.
  2. ^ Cathcart, William (1883). The Baptist Encyclopaedia: A Dictionary of the Doctrines, Ordinances ... of the General History of the Baptist Denomination in All Lands, with Numerous Biographical Sketches...& a Supplement. L. H. Everts. p. 834.
  3. ^ a b c Manual of Faith and Do of Key Yearly Coming together of Friends. Key Yearly Coming together of Friends. 2018. p. 26.
  4. ^ a b Forest, William Westward. (1965). Civilization and Personality Aspects of the Pentecostal Holiness Faith. Mouton & Company. p. 18. ISBN978-iii-xi-204424-7.
  5. ^ a b Bornstein, Erica (2005). The spirit of evolution: Protestant NGOs, morality, and economics in Republic of zimbabwe. Stanford University Press. ISBN9780804753364 . Retrieved 30 July 2011. A senior staff member in Globe Vision'due south California office elaborated on the importance of beingness "born again," emphasizing a key "relationship" between individuals and Jesus Christ: "...the importance of a personal relationship with Christ [is] that it's not just a matter of going to Christ or beingness baptized when yous are an infant. We believe that people demand to be regenerated. They need a spiritual rebirth. The demand to exist born again. ...You must exist born again earlier you can meet, or enter, the Kingdom of Heaven."
  6. ^ a b Lever, A. B. (2007). And God Said... ISBN9781604771152 . Retrieved 30 July 2011. From speaking to other Christians I know that the stardom of a built-in again laic is a personal feel of God that leads to a personal human relationship with Him.
  7. ^ Cost, Robert Chiliad. (1993). Beyond Built-in Once again: Toward Evangelical Maturity. Wildside Press. ISBN9781434477484 . Retrieved xxx July 2011. I have a personal relationship with Jesus Christ.
  8. ^ John three:3-5
  9. ^ Danker, Frederick W., et al, A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, 3rd ed (Chicago: University of Chicago,2010), 92. Specifically run across the commencement (from above) and fourth (again, anew) meanings.
  10. ^ Jn 3:3 Internet
  11. ^ Jn 3:3 NET
  12. ^ a b Mullen, MS., in Kurian, GT., The Encyclopedia of Christian Civilization, J. Wiley & Sons, 2012, p. 302.
  13. ^ Jn 1:5
  14. ^ cf. Jn i:12-xiii; 1Jn two:29, iii:9, four:seven, 5:18
  15. ^ Hoskyns, Sir Edwyn C. and Davy, F.N.(ed), The 4th Gospel, Faber & Faber 2nd ed. 1947, pp. 211,212
  16. ^ 1Peter i:22-23
  17. ^ a b Fisichella, SJ., Taking Away the Veil: To Come across Beyond the Curtain of Illusion, iUniverse, 2003, pp. 55-56.
  18. ^ Emmons, Samuel B. A Bible Dictionary. BiblioLife, 2008. ISBN 978-0-554-89108-viii.
  19. ^ 1Peter 1:23
  20. ^ Driscoll, James F. "Divine Promise (in Scripture)". The Cosmic Encyclopedia. Vol. 12. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1911. fifteen Nov 2009.[i]
  21. ^ "Systematic Theology - Volume 3 - Christian Classics Ethereal Library". www.ccel.org . Retrieved 11 September 2019.
  22. ^ The New Testament Greek Dictionary. 30 July 2009.
  23. ^ Stagg, Evelyn and Frank. Woman in the World of Jesus. Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1978. ISBN 0-664-24195-vi
  24. ^ Wesley, J., The works of the Reverend John Wesley, Methodist Episcopal Church, 1831, pp. 405–406.
  25. ^ LeFevre, CF. and Williamson, ID., The Gospel ballast. Troy, NY, 1831–32, p. 66. [2]
  26. ^ a b c Ehrman, Bart (2016). Jesus Before the Gospels: How the Earliest Christians Remembered, Changed, and Invented Their Stories of the Savior. HarperOne. pp. 108–109. ISBN978-0062285201.
  27. ^ "Biblical Errancy: The "Born Once more" Dialogue In the Gospel of John". Biblical Errancy . Retrieved eleven September 2019.
  28. ^ The Oxford Handbook of Faith and American Politics, OUP, p16.
  29. ^ Joel C. Elworthy, Ed. Ancient Christian Commentary on Scripture, New Testament IVa, John 1-10 (Downers Grove: Intervarsity Printing, 2007), p. 109-110
  30. ^ John 3:3
  31. ^ John 3:5
  32. ^ John F. McHugh, John 1-iv, The International Critical Commentary (New York: T&T Clark, 2009), p. 227
  33. ^ CCC 1229
  34. ^ 2 Corinthians five:17; 2 Peter 1:4
  35. ^ Ephesians 4:25
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  37. ^ CCC 1272
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  46. ^ a b c Atwood, Scott Edward (1991). "An Musical instrument for Awakening": The Moravian Church building and the White River Indian Mission. College of William & Mary. p. 7, 14, 20-24.
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External links [edit]

  • The New Birth, John Wesley, sermon No. 45. Wesley's teaching on being born once again, and argument that it is fundamental to Christianity.

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Born_again

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